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Surendranath Dasgupta
A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 1
Contents
Chapter II: The Vedas, Brâhmaṇas and their Philosophy
1. The Vedas and their antiquity
2. The place of the Vedas in the Hindu mind
3. Classification of the Vedic literature
4. The Saṃhitâs
5. The Brâhmaṇas
6. The Âraṇyakas
7. The Ṛg-Veda, its civilization
8. The Vedic gods
9. Polytheism, Henotheism, and Monotheism
10. Growth of a Monotheistic tendency; Prajâpati, Viśvakarma
11. Brahma
12. Sacrifice; the First Rudiments of the Law of Karma
13. Cosmogony--Mythological and Philosophical
14. Eschatology; the Doctrine of Âtman
15. Conclusion
Chapter III: The earlier Upaniṣads (700 b.c.-600 b.c.)
1. The place of the Upaniṣads in Vedic literature
2. The names of the Upaniṣads; Non-Brahmanic influence
3. Brâhmaṇas and the Early Upaniṣads
4. The meaning of the word Upaniṣad
5. The composition and growth of diverse Upaniṣads
6. Revival of Upaniṣad studies in modern times
7. The Upaniṣads and their interpretations
8. The quest after Brahman: the struggle and the failures
9. Unknowability of Brahman and the Negative Method
10. The Âtman doctrine
11. Place of Brahman in the Upaniṣads
12. The World
13. The World-Soul
14. The Theory of Causation
15. Doctrine of Transmigration
16. Emancipation
Chapter IV: General observations on the systems of Indian Philosophy
1. In what sense is a History of Indian Philosophy possible?
2. Growth of the Philosophic Literature
3. The Indian systems of Philosophy
4. Some fundamental points of agreement
1. The Karma theory
2. The Doctrine of Mukti
3. The Doctrine of Soul
5. The Pessimistic Attitude towards the World and the Optimistic Faith in the end
6. Unity in Indian Sâdhana (philosophical, religious and ethical endeavours)
Chapter V: Buddhist Philosophy
1. The State of Philosophy in India before Buddha
2. Buddha: his Life
3. Early Buddhist Literature
4. The Doctrine of Causal Connection of early Buddhism
5. The Khandhas
6. Avijjâ and Âsava
7. Sîla and Samâdhi
8. Kamma
9. Upaniṣads and Buddhism
10. The Schools of Theravâda Buddhism
11. Mahâyânism
12. The Tathatâ Philosophy of Aśvaghoṣa (80 A.D.)
13. The Mâdhyamika or the Sûnyavâda school--Nihilism
14. Uncompromising Idealism or the School of Vijñânavâda Buddhism
15. Sautrântika theory of Perception
16. Sautrântika theory of Inference
17. The Doctrine of Momentariness
18. The Doctrine of Momentariness and the Doctrine of Causal Efficiency (Arthakriyâkâritva)
19. Some Ontological Problems on which the Different Indian Systems diverged
20. Brief Survey of the Evolution of Buddhist Thought
Chapter VI: The Jaina Philosophy
1. The Origin of Jainism
2. Two Sects of Jainism
3. The Canonical and other Literature of the Jains
4. Some General Characteristics of the Jains
5. Life of Mahâvîra
6. The Fundamental Ideas of Jaina Ontology
7. The Doctrine of Relative Pluralism (Anekântavâda)
8. The Doctrine of Nâyas.
9. The Doctrine of Syâdvâda
10. Knowledge, its value for us
11. Theory of Perception
12. Non-Perceptual knowledge
13. Knowledge as Revelation
14. The Jîvas
15. Karma Theory
16. Karma, Âsrava and Nirjarâ
17. Pudgala
18. Dharma, Adharma, Âkâśa
19. Kâla and Samaya
20. Jaina Cosmography
21. Jaina Yoga
22. Jaina Atheism
23. Mokṣa (emancipation)
Chapter VII: The Kapila and the Pâtañjala Sâṃkhya (Yoga)
1. A Review
2. The Germs of Sâṃkhya in the Upaniṣads
3. Sâṃkhya and Yoga Literature
4. An Early School of Sâṃkhya
5. Sâṃkhya kârikâ, Sâṃkhya sûtra, Vâcaspati Miśra and Vijñâna Bhiksu
6. Yoga and Patañjali
7. The Sâṃkhya and the Yoga doctrine of Soul or Purusa
8. Thought and Matter
9. Feelings, the Ultimate Substances
10. The Gunas
11. Prakṛti and its evolution
12. Pralaya and the disturbance of the Prak ṛti Equilibrium
13. Mahat and Ahamkâra
14. The Tanmâtras and the Paramâñus
15. Principle of Causation and Conservation of Energy
16. Change as the formation of new collocations
17. Causation as Satkâryavâda (the theory that the effect potentially exists before it is generated by the movement of the cause)
18. Sâṃkhya Atheism and Yoga Theism
19. Buddhi and Purusa.
20. The Cognitive Process and some characteristics of Citta
21. Sorrow and its Dissolution
22. Citta
23. Yoga Purificatory Practices (Parikarma)
24. The Yoga Meditation
Chapter VIII: The Nyâya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy
1. Criticism of Buddhism and Sâṃkhya from the Nyâya standpoint
2. Nyâya and Vaiśeṣika sûtras
3. Does Vaiśeṣika represent an old school of Mîmâṃsâ?
4. Philosophy in the Vaiśeṣika sûtras
5. Philosophy in the Nyâya sûtras
6. Philosophy of Nyâya sûtras and Vaiśeṣika sûtras
7. The Vaiśeṣika and Nyâya Literature
8. The main doctrine of the Nyâya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy
9. The six Padârthas: Dravya, Guṇa, Karma, Sâmânya, Viśeṣa, Samavâya
10. The Theory of Causation
11. Dissolution (Pralaya) and Creation (Sṛṣṭi)
12. Proof of the Existence of Iśvara
13. The Nyâya-Vaiśeṣika Physics
14. The Origin of Knowledge (Pramâṇa)
15. The four Pramâṇas of Nyâya
16. Perception (Pratyakṣa)
17. Inference
18. Upamâna and Śabda
19. Negation in Nyâya-Vaiśeṣika
20. The necessity of the Acquirement of debating devices for the seeker of Salvation
21. The Doctrine of Soul
22. Îśvara and Salvation
Chapter IX: Mîmâṃsâ Philosophy
1. A Comparative Review
2. The Mîmâṃsâ Literature
3. The Parataḥ-prâmâṇya doctrine of Nyâya and the Svataḥ-prâmâṇya doctrine of Mîmâṃsâ
4. The place of Sense-organs in Perception
5. Indeterminate and Determinate Perception
6. Some Ontological Problems connected with the Doctrine of Perception
7. The Nature of Knowledge
8. The Psychology of Illusion
9. Inference
10. Upamâna, Arthâpatti
11. Śabda-pramâṇa
12. The Pramâṇa of Non-perception (anupalabdhi)
13. Self, Salvation, and God
14. Mîmâṃsâ as Philosophy and Mimâṃsâ as Ritualism
Chapter X: The Śaṅkara School of Vedânta
1. Comprehension of the Philosophical Issues more essential than the Dialectic of Controversy
2. The philosophical situation: a Review
3. Vedânta Literature
4. Vedânta in Gauḍapâda
5. Vedânta and Śaṅkara (788-820 A.D.)
6. The main idea of the Vedânta philosophy
7. In what sense is the world-appearance false?
8. The nature of the world-appearance, phenomena
9. The Definition of Ajñâna (nescience)
10. Ajñâna established by Perception and Inference
11. Locus and Object of Ajñâna, Ahaṃkâra and Antaḥkaraṇa
12. Anirvâcyavâda and the Vedânta dialectic
13. The Theory of Causation
14. Vedânta theory of Perception and Inference
15. Âtman, Jîva, Iśvara, Ekajîvavâda and Dṛṣṭisṛṣṭivâda
16. Vedânta theory of Illusion
17. Vedânta Ethics and Vedânta Emancipation
18. Vedânta and other Indian systems
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