| Library / English Dictionary |
TOXIN
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
A poisonous substance produced during the metabolism and growth of certain microorganisms and some higher plant and animal species
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("toxin" is a kind of...):
poison; poisonous substance; toxicant (any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "toxin"):
ricin; ricin toxin (a toxic protein extracted from castor beans; used as a chemical reagent; can be used as a bioweapon)
animal toxin; zootoxin (a toxin resembling bacterial toxins in its antigenic properties that is found in the fluids of certain animals)
bacterial toxin (any endotoxin or exotoxin formed in or elaborated by bacterial cells)
cytotoxin (any substance that has a toxic effect on cells)
endotoxin (a toxin that is confined inside the microorganisms and is released only when the microorganisms are broken down or die)
exotoxin (a toxin that is secreted by microorganisms into the surrounding medium)
hepatotoxin (any toxin that affects the liver)
nephrotoxin (any toxin that affects the kidneys)
neurolysin; neurotoxin (any toxin that affects neural tissues)
phytotoxin; plant toxin (any substance produced by plants that is similar in its properties to extracellular bacterial toxin)
Derivation:
toxic (of or relating to or caused by a toxin or poison)
Context examples:
This agent may be conjugated with various toxins in order to target their cytotoxic activity to tumor cells expressing the L6 antigen.
(Monoclonal Antibody L6, NCI Thesaurus)
They can be used alone or to carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive substances directly to cancer cells.
(Monoclonal antibody, NCI Dictionary)
Deep sleep may be critical for your heart — but it may also help clear the brain of toxins that play a role in Alzheimher’s disease.
(Deep Sleep May Play Role in Preventing Alzheimer’s Disease, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
A toxin linked to an anti-CD7 antibody.
(Anti-CD7 Immunotoxin, NCI Thesaurus)
Acquired causes include diabetes, uremia, hepatic disorders, vitamin deficiencies, toxins, and drug toxicities.
(Autonomic Neuropathy, NCI Thesaurus)
Drugs, infections, and toxins may trigger the production of the autoantibodies against the liver parenchyma.
(Autoimmune Hepatitis, NCI Thesaurus)
Many give off chemicals called toxins, which can damage tissue and make you sick.
(Bacterial Infections, NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
Gram-negative bacteria secrete a wide range of proteins whose functions include biogenesis of organelles, such as pilli and flagella, nutrient acquisition, virulence, and efflux of drugs and other toxins.
(Bacterial Secretion System Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)
A hexagonal pattern with a very large surface area, which mimicked the hexagonal organization of a liver lobule, trapped the toxins best.
(3-D gel-nanoparticle device detoxifies blood, NIH)
Although mushroom experts can identify deadly mushrooms just by looking at their appearance, experts cannot see the toxin chemicals that lurk inside.
(New Test Identifies Poisonous Mushrooms, Agricultural Research Service)
