| Weather / Peru Weather Temperature |
Weather Forecast for Cochabamba (Ancash, Peru)
Forecast Overview
Wed Nov 6 
55°F 46°F 13°C 8°C Chance of rain all day.
detailsThu Nov 7 55°F 45°F 13°C 7°C Chance of rain at various times.
detailsFri Nov 8 
55°F 45°F 13°C 7°C Chance of rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsSat Nov 9 54°F 45°F 12°C 7°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsSun Nov 10 50°F 45°F 10°C 7°C Chance of rain almost all day.
detailsMon Nov 11 54°F 45°F 12°C 7°C Chance of rain all day.
detailsTue Nov 12 55°F 45°F 13°C 7°C Chance of rain all day.
detailsWed Nov 13 54°F 43°F 12°C 6°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsThu Nov 14 
54°F 43°F 12°C 6°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsFri Nov 15 55°F 41°F 13°C 5°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsSat Nov 16 
55°F 41°F 13°C 5°C Chance of light rain in the morning.
detailsSun Nov 17 55°F 43°F 13°C 6°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsMon Nov 18 54°F 43°F 12°C 6°C Chance of light rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsTue Nov 19 
52°F 43°F 11°C 6°C Chance of light rain in the morning.
details
Detailed Forecast
| Wednesday, November 6 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:40 sunset: 18:09 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 |  | Partly cloudy. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 85% | 0.275% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Mostly cloudy. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 77% | 0.272% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 56°F (13°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 64% | 0.271% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.5625 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 11 mph (17 km/h) | 81% | 0.28% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.4375 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 8 mph (14 km/h) | 90% | 0.28% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.8125 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 86% | 0.282% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.07 in (1.8125 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 81% | 0.293% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 83% | 0.284% |
| Thursday, November 7 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:40 sunset: 18:09 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 82% | 0.279% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 49°F (9°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 74% | 0.278% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 53°F (12°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 65% | 0.274% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.07 in (1.6875 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 10 mph (17 km/h) | 81% | 0.283% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 86% | 0.287% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 82% | 0.28% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Considerable cloudiness. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 91% | 0.277% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 87% | 0.278% |
| Friday, November 8 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:40 sunset: 18:10 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Considerable cloudiness. | 46°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 81% | 0.275% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Sunny. | 48°F (9°C) | 0 mph (0 km/h) | 70% | 0.273% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Times of sun and clouds. | 55°F (13°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 59% | 0.269% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (0.9375 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 82% | 0.273% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.05 in (1.1875 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 88% | 0.278% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Partly cloudy. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.25 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 82% | 0.276% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Mostly cloudy. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 83% | 0.276% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 46°F (8°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 88% | 0.272% |
| Saturday, November 9 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:40 sunset: 18:10 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Considerable cloudiness. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 85% | 0.271% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 47°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 80% | 0.27% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 53°F (12°C) | 9 mph (15 km/h) | 68% | 0.266% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.75 mm). | 49°F (10°C) | 10 mph (17 km/h) | 83% | 0.27% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.6875 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 90% | 0.271% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5 mm). | 46°F (8°C) | 0 mph (1 km/h) | 85% | 0.269% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.04 in (0.9375 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 77% | 0.276% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 47°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 78% | 0.273% |
| Sunday, November 10 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:40 sunset: 18:10 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 87% | 0.271% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 84% | 0.268% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 75% | 0.269% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.8125 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 88% | 0.273% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.05 in (1.25 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 89% | 0.282% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.07 in (1.75 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 88% | 0.288% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1.0625 mm). | 46°F (8°C) | 3 mph (6 km/h) | 81% | 0.288% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 83% | 0.282% |
| Monday, November 11 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:11 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5625 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 81% | 0.281% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Times of sun and clouds. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 75% | 0.28% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 63% | 0.275% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 79% | 0.279% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.625 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 93% | 0.293% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.13 in (3.375 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 88% | 0.294% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.08 in (2.125 mm). | 44°F (7°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 86% | 0.3% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 84% | 0.302% |
| Tuesday, November 12 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:11 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 82% | 0.299% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 47°F (8°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 78% | 0.292% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 54°F (12°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 64% | 0.289% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.875 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 86% | 0.29% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1.125 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 92% | 0.295% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.3125 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 93% | 0.29% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.625 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 84% | 0.291% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 44°F (7°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 80% | 0.288% |
| Wednesday, November 13 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:11 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (6°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 82% | 0.285% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 76% | 0.283% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 65% | 0.28% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 80% | 0.28% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.625 mm). | 44°F (7°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 90% | 0.28% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.3125 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 87% | 0.281% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 83% | 0.279% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (7°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 84% | 0.278% |
| Thursday, November 14 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:12 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (6°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 79% | 0.278% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 72% | 0.276% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Overcast. | 52°F (11°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 59% | 0.274% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 51°F (10°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 65% | 0.27% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 77% | 0.269% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 46°F (8°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 74% | 0.27% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 78% | 0.268% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (6°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 87% | 0.268% |
| Friday, November 15 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:12 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 42°F (5°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 93% | 0.269% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 74% | 0.269% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Overcast. | 53°F (11°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 57% | 0.267% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 12 mph (19 km/h) | 81% | 0.267% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 8 mph (14 km/h) | 82% | 0.267% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 75% | 0.266% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 78% | 0.267% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (7°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 80% | 0.265% |
| Saturday, November 16 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:12 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 42°F (6°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 83% | 0.266% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Partly cloudy. | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 69% | 0.265% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Mostly sunny, with a few passing clouds. | 53°F (12°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 54% | 0.262% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 12 mph (20 km/h) | 70% | 0.258% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | A few passing clouds. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 71% | 0.259% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Partly cloudy. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 78% | 0.257% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 78% | 0.259% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 81% | 0.259% |
| Sunday, November 17 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:13 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 43°F (6°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 86% | 0.26% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 0 mph (1 km/h) | 70% | 0.258% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Partly cloudy. | 54°F (12°C) | 8 mph (14 km/h) | 58% | 0.258% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 12 mph (19 km/h) | 80% | 0.257% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.3125 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 80% | 0.256% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. | 47°F (8°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 77% | 0.257% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. | 47°F (8°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 79% | 0.257% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 86% | 0.257% |
| Monday, November 18 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:13 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 44°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 91% | 0.258% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 79% | 0.258% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 53°F (12°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 61% | 0.256% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 12 mph (19 km/h) | 81% | 0.257% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.4375 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 80% | 0.259% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 77% | 0.258% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 81% | 0.257% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 83% | 0.257% |
| Tuesday, November 19 | Cochabamba (Ancash) sunrise: 05:39 sunset: 18:14 |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 01:00 04:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (7°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 84% | 0.256% |
| 04:00 07:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 46°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 73% | 0.257% |
| 07:00 10:00 | | Overcast. | 51°F (11°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 55% | 0.256% |
| 10:00 13:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5625 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 75% | 0.259% |
| 13:00 16:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 66% | 0.258% |
| 16:00 19:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 69% | 0.258% |
| 19:00 22:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 68% | 0.259% |
| 22:00 01:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 0 mph (1 km/h) | 60% | 0.255% |
Cochabamba (latitude 09°29'S, longitude 077°52'W)
Cochabamba - other nearby places: Pariacoto (3 miles / 4.1 km away), Yautan (9 miles / 15 km away), Pira (12 miles / 19 km away), Quillo (15 miles / 25 km away), Huantar (16 miles / 26 km away), Tinco (18 miles / 29 km away), Cascapara (20 miles / 32 km away), Jangas (20 miles / 32 km away), Carhuaz (20 miles / 32 km away), Yungar (21 miles / 33 km away), Olleros (28 miles / 45 km away), Ticapampa (34 miles / 54 km away), Cotaparaco (40 miles / 64 km away), Pararin (41 miles / 66 km away), Tapacocha (41 miles / 67 km away), Chavin de Huantar (43 miles / 69 km away), Huayllapampa (43 miles / 69 km away), San Marcos (43 miles / 70 km away), Llacllin (44 miles / 70 km away), Huari (44 miles / 71 km away), Huarmey (45 miles / 72 km away).
View weather forecasts for other places in Peru
Forecasts for Other Places:
Cochabamba
52°F ... 79°F (11°C ... 26°C)
Mostly cloudy skies. Estimated precipitation: 0.625 mm.
Cochamal
52°F ... 73°F (11°C ... 23°C)
Chance of rain from morning till evening (between 7 am and 7 pm). The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 16.6875 mm.
Cocharcas
46°F ... 68°F (8°C ... 20°C)
Chance of rain between 7 am and 10 am and after 4 pm. The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 8.375 mm.
Codo del Pozuzo
66°F ... 84°F (19°C ... 29°C)
Chance of rain from 10 am to 7 pm and again after 10 pm. The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 15.8125 mm.
Coishco
63°F ... 64°F (17°C ... 18°C)
Mostly cloudy skies.
Cojata
34°F ... 55°F (1°C ... 13°C)
More sun than clouds. Estimated precipitation: 0.875 mm.
Colasay
57°F ... 84°F (14°C ... 29°C)
Partly cloudy skies. Estimated precipitation: 5.3125 mm.
Colca
45°F ... 64°F (7°C ... 18°C)
Chance of rain early in the morning (between 7 am and 10 am) and late in the afternoon (between 4 pm and 10 pm). The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 9.5625 mm.
Colca
43°F ... 61°F (6°C ... 16°C)
Chance of rain between 7 am and 10 am and after 4 pm. The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 8.5625 mm.
Colán
61°F ... 82°F (16°C ... 28°C)
Considerable cloudiness.