Padabhājanīyavaṇṇanā

Yo viya dissatīti yādiso, yaṃ-saddatthe yathā-saddo vattatīti āha ‘‘yena vā tena vā yutto’’ti. Yena tenāti hi padadvayena aniyamato yaṃ-saddatthova dassito. Vāsadhurayuttoti vipassanādhurayutto. Yā jāti assāti yaṃjāti, puggalo, sova yaṃjacco sakatthe yapaccayaṃ katvā. Gottavasena yena vā tena vā gottena yathāgotto vā tathāgotto vā hotūti sambandho. Sīlesūti pakatīsu. Atha khoti idaṃ kintūti imasmiṃ atthe. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hotīti attho. Imasmiṃ attheti imasmiṃ pārājikavisaye. Esoti yathāvuttehi pakārehi yutto. Ariyāyāti ‘‘uddissa ariyā tiṭṭhanti, esā ariyānaṃ yācanā’’ti evaṃ vuttāya, na, ‘‘dehi me’’ti kapaṇāya. Liṅgasampaṭicchanenāti ‘‘bhikkhaṃ carissāmī’’ti cittābhāvepi bhikkhāhāranissitapabbajjāliṅgassa sampaṭicchanena. Kājabhattanti kājehi ānītabhattaṃ. Adhammikāyāti adhisīlasikkhādibhikkhuguṇābhāvato vuttaṃ, tenāha ‘‘abhūtāyā’’ti. ‘‘Mayaṃ bhikkhū’’ti vadantā paṭiññāmatteneva bhikkhū, na atthatoti attho. Idañca ‘‘mayaṃ bhikkhū’’ti paṭijānanassāpi sambhavato vuttaṃ. ‘‘Mayaṃ bhikkhū’’ti appaṭijānantāpi hi bhikkhuvohāranimittassa liṅgassa gahaṇena ceva bhikkhūnaṃ dinnapaccayabhāgaggahaṇādinā ca bhikkhupaṭiññā eva nāma honti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ puggalapaññattiaṭṭhakathāyaṃ –

‘‘‘Abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño’ti aññe brahmacārino sunivatthe supārute sumbhakapattadhare gāmanigamajanapadarājadhānīsu piṇḍāya caritvā jīvikaṃ kappente disvā sayampi tādisena ākārena tathā paṭipajjanato ‘ahaṃ brahmacārī’ti paṭiññaṃ dento viya hoti. ‘Ahaṃ bhikkhū’ti vatvā uposathaggādīni pavisanto pana brahmacāripaṭiñño hotiyeva, tathā saṅghikaṃ lābhaṃ gaṇhanto’’ti (pu. pa. aṭṭha. 91).

Tasmā evarūpehi paṭiññāya bhikkhūhi gotrabhupariyosānehi saddhiṃ sambhogaparibhogo na vaṭṭati, alajjīparibhogova hoti. Sañcicca āpattiāpajjanādialajjīlakkhaṇaṃ pana ukkaṭṭhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasena vuttaṃ sāmaṇerādīnampi alajjīvohāradassanato. ‘‘Alajjīsāmaṇerehi hatthakammampi na kāretabba’’nti hi vuttaṃ. Yathāvihitapaṭipattiyaṃ atiṭṭhanañhi sabbasādhāraṇaṃ alajjīlakkhaṇaṃ. Dussīlā liṅgaggahaṇato paṭṭhāya yathāvihitapaṭipattiyā abhāvato ekantā lajjinova mahāsaṅghikādinikāyantarikā viya, liṅgatthenakādayo viya, ca. Yāva 11 ca tesaṃ bhikkhupaṭiññā anuvattati, tāva bhikkhu eva, tehi ca paribhogo alajjipaabhogova, tesañca bhikkhusaṅghasaññāya dinnaṃ saṅghe dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Vuttañhi bhagavatā –

‘‘Bhavissanti kho panānanda, anāgatamaddhānaṃ gotrabhuno kāsāvakaṇṭhā dussīlā pāpadhammā, tesu dussīlesu saṅghaṃ uddissa dānaṃ dassanti, tadāpāhaṃ, ānanda, saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ appameyyaṃ vadāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.380).

Bhagavato saṅghaṃ uddissa dinnattā dakkhiṇā asaṅkhyeyyā appameyyā jātā. Dussīlānaṃ dinnattā nāti ce? Na, tesu saṅghaṃ uddissāti gotrabhūnaṃ paṭiggāhakattena parāmaṭṭhattā, itarathā ‘‘yesu kesuci gahaṭṭhesu vā pabbajitesu vā saṅghaṃ uddissā’’ti vattabbatāpasaṅgato, tathā ca ‘‘tadāpāhaṃ, ānandā’’ti heṭṭhimakoṭidassanassa payojanaṃ na siyā. Tasmā gotrabhūnampi abhāve saṅghaṃ uddissa dānaṃ natthi, heṭṭhimakoṭiyā tesupi dinnā saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā asaṅkhyeyyā, na tato paraṃ sijjhatīti tepi paṭiññāya bhikkhu evāti gahetabbaṃ.

Brahmaghosanti uttamaghosaṃ, brahmuno ghosasadisaṃ vā ghosaṃ. Ehi bhikkhūti ‘‘bhikkhū’’tisambodhanaṃ. Saṃsāre bhayaikkhaka tassa bhayassa sabbaso vināsanatthaṃ tisaraṇaṃ, sāsanaṃ vā ehi manasā ‘‘tāṇaṃ leṇa’’nti pavisa upagaccha. Upagantvāpi cara brahmacariyanti sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ maggabrahmacariyañca carassu. Bhaṇḍūti muṇḍitakeso. Vāsīti dantakaṭṭhādicchedanavāsi. Bandhananti kāyabandhanaṃ. Yutto yogo samādhipaññāvasena so yuttayogo, tassa aṭṭhete parikkhārāti seso. Sarīre paṭimukkehiyeva upalakkhitoti seso. ‘‘Tīṇi satānī’’ti vattabbe gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ ‘‘tīṇi sata’’nti vuttaṃ.

Tasmāti bhagavā heṭṭhā vuttaṃ parāmasati. Heṭṭhā hi ‘‘ahaṃ kho pana, kassapa, jānaññeva vadāmi ‘jānāmī’ti, passaññeva vadāmi ‘passāmī’’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.154) vuttaṃ, taṃ parāmasati, yasmā ahaṃ jānaṃ vadāmi, tasmāti attho. Ihāti imasmiṃ sāsane. Tibbanti mahantaṃ. Paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissatīti therādiupasaṅkamanato puretarameva tesu yaṃnūna me hirottappaṃ upaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissatīti attho. Kusalūpasaṃhitanti anavajjadhammanissitaṃ. Aṭṭhiṃ katvāti attānaṃ tena dhammena aṭṭhikaṃ katvā, taṃ vā dhammaṃ ‘‘esa me attho’’ti atthaṃ katvā. Ohitasototi dhamme nihitasoto. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbanti ñāṇasotañca pasādasotañca odahitvā ‘‘dhammaṃ sakkaccameva suṇissāmī’’ti evameva tayā sikkhitabbaṃ. Sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsatīti asubhesu ceva ānāpāne ca paṭhamajjhānavasena sukhasampayuttakāyagatāsati. Yaṃ panetassa ovādassa sakkaccapaṭiggahaṇaṃ, ayameva therassa pabbajjā ca upasampadā ca ahosi (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.154).

Uddhumātakapaṭibhāgārammaṇaṃ jhānaṃ uddhumātakasaññā. Kasiṇārammaṇaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānaṃ rūpasaññā. Imeti saññāsīsena niddiṭṭhā ime dve jhānadhammā. Sopāko ca bhagavatā puṭṭho ‘‘rūpāvacarabhāvena ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna’’nti āha. Āraddhacittoti ārādhitacitto. Garudhammapaṭiggahaṇādiupasampadā upari sayameva āvi bhavissati.

Sabbantimena pariyāyenāti sabbantimena paricchedena. Ñatticatutthā kammavācā upasampadākammassa kāraṇattā ṭhānaṃ, tassa ṭhānassa arahaṃ anucchavikanti vatthudosādivinimuttakammaṃ ‘‘ṭhānāraha’’nti vuttaṃ vatthādidosayuttassa kammassa sabhāvato kammavācārahattābhāvā. Atha vā ṭhānanti nibbānappattihetuto sikkhattayasaṅgahaṃ sāsanaṃ vuccati, tassa anucchavikaṃ kammaṃ ṭhānārahaṃ. Yathāvihitalakkhaṇena hi kammena upasampannova sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ samādāya paripūretumarahati. Tasmā parisuddhakammavācāpariyosānaṃ sabbaṃ saṅghakiccaṃ ṭhānārahaṃ nāma, tenāha ‘‘satthusāsanārahenā’’ti, sīlādisakalasāsanaparipuṇṇassa anucchavikenāti attho. Ayaṃ imasmiṃ attheti ñatticatutthakammena upasampannasseva sabbasikkhāpadesu vuttattā kiñcāpi ehibhikkhūpasampadādīhi upasampannānaṃ suddhasattānaṃ paṇṇattivajjasikkhāpadavītikkamepi abhabbatā vā dosābhāvo vā saddato paññāyati, tathāpi atthato tesampi paṇṇattivajjesu, lokavajjesupi vā surāpānādilahukesu magguppattito pubbe asañciccādinā āpattiāpajjanaṃ sijjhatiyeva. Tathā hi ‘‘dve puggalā abhabbā āpattiṃ āpajjituṃ buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca. Dve puggalā bhabbā āpattiṃ āpajjituṃ bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo cā’’ti (pari. 322) vuttaṃ. Ñatticatutthena kammena upasampannoti idaṃ pana sabbasikkhāpadavītikkamārahe sabbakālike ca bhikkhū gahetvā yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. Niruttivasenāti nibbacanavasena. Abhilāpavasenāti vohāravasena. Guṇavasenāti bhikkhuvohāranimittānaṃ guṇānaṃ vasena.